Drupal

Instalando Drupal localmente en 10 pasos

Caso1.-

Windows XP / XAMPP  / Drupal 6.x

1. Descargamos drupal desde: http://drupal.org/project/drupal (Recommended 6.x)

2. Descargamos xampp desde: http://sourceforge.net/projects/xampp/files/XAMPP%20Windows/1.7.4/xampp-win32-1.7.4-VC6.zip/download

3. Copiamos la carpeta xammp en C: y luego hacemos doble click en “setup_xampp.bat”

4. Copiamos la carpeta drupal descargada dentro de la carpeta htdocs de xammp.

5. Dentro de la carpeta drupal/sites/default, copiamos el archivo default.settings.php en la misma ruta y luego renombramos el archivo con el nombre settings.php.

6. Creamos la base de datos en http://localhost/phpmyadmin, en nombre de la base de datos, colocamos por ejemplo “drupal”, y por default se tiene user: root, passw en blanco)

7. Activamos los servicios de apache y mysql, haciendo click sobre control.exe y hacemos click en start los servicios en mención. (control.exe se ubica en la carpeta xampp).

8. En el navegador ingresamos a drupal http://localhost/drupal, y colocamos el nombre de la base de datos drupal, el usuario root y el pass en blanco como habiamos definido.

9. Ingresamos los datos de superadminitrador de la página y hacemos click en siguiente.

10. Se recomienda tener las urls limpias (Administración/Configuración del sitio/URL limpias); además de automatizar la interacción cron y drupal para las actualizaciones ( Adminitración/Reportes/Informe del estado).

Caso2.-

Windows 7 / XAMPP  / Drupal 7.x

1. Descargamos drupal desde: http://drupal.org/project/drupal (Recommended 7.x)

2. Descargamos xampp desde: http://sourceforge.net/projects/xampp/files/XAMPP%20Windows/1.7.4/xampp-win32-1.7.4-VC6.zip/download

3. Copiamos la carpeta xammp en C: y luego hacemos doble click en “setup_xampp.bat”

4. Copiamos la carpeta drupal descargada dentro de la carpeta htdocs de xammp.

5. Dentro de la carpeta drupal/sites/default, copiamos el archivo default.settings.php en la misma ruta y luego renombramos el archivo con el nombre settings.php.

6. Creamos la base de datos en http://localhost/phpmyadmin, en nombre de la base de datos, colocamos por ejemplo “drupal”, y por default se tiene user: root, passw en blanco)

7. Activamos los servicios de apache y mysql, haciendo click sobre control.exe y hacemos click en start los servicios en mención. (control.exe se ubica en la carpeta xampp).

8. En el navegador ingresamos a drupal http://localhost/drupal, y colocamos el nombre de la base de datos drupal, el usuario root y el pass en blanco como habiamos definido.

9. Ingresamos los datos de superadminitrador de la página y hacemos click en siguiente.

Olvidé mi pass de drupal y Mysql

Olvidé mi password del usuario admin de drupal 6 y de pasadita mi password de MySql
yulys@yulys-laptop:~$ mysql -u root -p

Enter password: ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user ‘root’@'localhost’ (using password: YES)
yulys@yulys-laptop:~$ cat /var/www/d6/sites/default/settings.php

<?php// $Id: default.settings.php,v 1.8.2.4 2009/09/14 12:59:18 goba Exp $
/** * @file * Drupal site-specific configuration file. * * IMPORTANT NOTE: * This file may have been set to read-only by the Drupal installation * program. If you make changes to this file, be sure to protect it again * after making your modifications. Failure to remove write permissions * to this file is a security risk. * * The configuration file to be loaded is based upon the rules below. * * The configuration directory will be discovered by stripping the * website’s hostname from left to right and pathname from right to * left. The first configuration file found will be used and any * others will be ignored. If no other configuration file is found * then the default configuration file at ‘sites/default’ will be used. * * For example, for a fictitious site installed at * http://www.drupal.org/mysite/test/, the ‘settings.php’ * is searched in the following directories: * * 1. sites/www.drupal.org.mysite.test * 2. sites/drupal.org.mysite.test * 3. sites/org.mysite.test * * 4. sites/www.drupal.org.mysite * 5. sites/drupal.org.mysite * 6. sites/org.mysite * * 7. sites/www.drupal.org * 8. sites/drupal.org * 9. sites/org * * 10. sites/default * * If you are installing on a non-standard port number, prefix the * hostname with that number. For example, * http://www.drupal.org:8080/mysite/test/ could be loaded from * sites/8080.www.drupal.org.mysite.test/. */
/** * Database settings: * * Note that the $db_url variable gets parsed using PHP’s built-in * URL parser (i.e. using the “parse_url()” function) so make sure * not to confuse the parser. If your username, password * or database name contain characters used to delineate * $db_url parts, you can escape them via URI hex encodings: * * : = %3a / = %2f @ = %40 * + = %2b ( = %28 ) = %29 * ? = %3f = = %3d & = %26 * * To specify multiple connections to be used in your site (i.e. for * complex custom modules) you can also specify an associative array * of $db_url variables with the ‘default’ element used until otherwise * requested. * * You can optionally set prefixes for some or all database table names * by using the $db_prefix setting. If a prefix is specified, the table * name will be prepended with its value. Be sure to use valid database * characters only, usually alphanumeric and underscore. If no prefixes * are desired, leave it as an empty string ”. * * To have all database names prefixed, set $db_prefix as a string: * * $db_prefix = ‘main_’; * * To provide prefixes for specific tables, set $db_prefix as an array. * The array’s keys are the table names and the values are the prefixes. * The ‘default’ element holds the prefix for any tables not specified * elsewhere in the array. Example: * * $db_prefix = array( * ‘default’ => ‘main_’, * ‘users’ => ‘shared_’, * ‘sessions’ => ‘shared_’, * ‘role’ => ‘shared_’, * ‘authmap’ => ‘shared_’, * ); * * Database URL format: * $db_url = ‘mysql://username:password@localhost/databasename’; * $db_url = ‘mysqli://username:password@localhost/databasename’; * $db_url = ‘pgsql://username:password@localhost/databasename’; */$db_url = ‘mysqli://root:julita@localhost/d6′; ## aquí esta el root de mysql: julita$db_prefix = ”;
/** * Access control for update.php script * * If you are updating your Drupal installation using the update.php script * being not logged in as administrator, you will need to modify the access * check statement below. Change the FALSE to a TRUE to disable the access * check. After finishing the upgrade, be sure to open this file again * and change the TRUE back to a FALSE! */$update_free_access = FALSE;
/** * Base URL (optional). * * If you are experiencing issues with different site domains, * uncomment the Base URL statement below (remove the leading hash sign) * and fill in the absolute URL to your Drupal installation. * * You might also want to force users to use a given domain. * See the .htaccess file for more information. * * Examples: * $base_url = ‘http://www.example.com’; * $base_url = ‘http://www.example.com:8888′; * $base_url = ‘http://www.example.com/drupal’; * $base_url = ‘https://www.example.com:8888/drupal’; * * It is not allowed to have a trailing slash; Drupal will add it * for you. */# $base_url = ‘http://www.example.com’; // NO trailing slash!
/** * PHP settings: * * To see what PHP settings are possible, including whether they can * be set at runtime (ie., when ini_set() occurs), read the PHP * documentation at http://www.php.net/manual/en/ini.php#ini.list * and take a look at the .htaccess file to see which non-runtime * settings are used there. Settings defined here should not be * duplicated there so as to avoid conflict issues. */ini_set(‘arg_separator.output’, ‘&’);ini_set(‘magic_quotes_runtime’, 0);ini_set(‘magic_quotes_sybase’, 0);ini_set(‘session.cache_expire’, 200000);ini_set(‘session.cache_limiter’, ’none’);ini_set(‘session.cookie_lifetime’, 2000000);ini_set(‘session.gc_maxlifetime’, 200000);ini_set(‘session.save_handler’, ‘user’);ini_set(‘session.use_cookies’, 1);ini_set(‘session.use_only_cookies’, 1);ini_set(‘session.use_trans_sid’, 0);ini_set(‘url_rewriter.tags’, ”);
/** * If you encounter a situation where users post a large amount of text, and * the result is stripped out upon viewing but can still be edited, Drupal’s * output filter may not have sufficient memory to process it. If you * experience this issue, you may wish to uncomment the following two lines * and increase the limits of these variables. For more information, see * http://php.net/manual/en/pcre.configuration.php. */# ini_set(‘pcre.backtrack_limit’, 200000);# ini_set(‘pcre.recursion_limit’, 200000);
/** * Drupal automatically generates a unique session cookie name for each site * based on on its full domain name. If you have multiple domains pointing at * the same Drupal site, you can either redirect them all to a single domain * (see comment in .htaccess), or uncomment the line below and specify their * shared base domain. Doing so assures that users remain logged in as they * cross between your various domains. */# $cookie_domain = ‘example.com’;
/** * Variable overrides: * * To override specific entries in the ‘variable’ table for this site, * set them here. You usually don’t need to use this feature. This is * useful in a configuration file for a vhost or directory, rather than * the default settings.php. Any configuration setting from the ‘variable’ * table can be given a new value. Note that any values you provide in * these variable overrides will not be modifiable from the Drupal * administration interface. * * Remove the leading hash signs to enable. */# $conf = array(# ‘site_name’ => ‘My Drupal site’,# ‘theme_default’ => ‘minnelli’,# ‘anonymous’ => ‘Visitor’,/** * A custom theme can be set for the off-line page. This applies when the site * is explicitly set to off-line mode through the administration page or when * the database is inactive due to an error. It can be set through the * ‘maintenance_theme’ key. The template file should also be copied into the * theme. It is located inside ‘modules/system/maintenance-page.tpl.php’. * Note: This setting does not apply to installation and update pages. */# ‘maintenance_theme’ => ‘minnelli’,/** * reverse_proxy accepts a boolean value. * * Enable this setting to determine the correct IP address of the remote * client by examining information stored in the X-Forwarded-For headers. * X-Forwarded-For headers are a standard mechanism for identifying client * systems connecting through a reverse proxy server, such as Squid or * Pound. Reverse proxy servers are often used to enhance the performance * of heavily visited sites and may also provide other site caching, * security or encryption benefits. If this Drupal installation operates * behind a reverse proxy, this setting should be enabled so that correct * IP address information is captured in Drupal’s session management, * logging, statistics and access management systems; if you are unsure * about this setting, do not have a reverse proxy, or Drupal operates in * a shared hosting environment, this setting should be set to disabled. */# ‘reverse_proxy’ => TRUE,/** * reverse_proxy accepts an array of IP addresses. * * Each element of this array is the IP address of any of your reverse * proxies. Filling this array Drupal will trust the information stored * in the X-Forwarded-For headers only if Remote IP address is one of * these, that is the request reaches the web server from one of your * reverse proxies. Otherwise, the client could directly connect to * your web server spoofing the X-Forwarded-For headers. */# ‘reverse_proxy_addresses’ => array(‘a.b.c.d’, …),# );
/** * String overrides: * * To override specific strings on your site with or without enabling locale * module, add an entry to this list. This functionality allows you to change * a small number of your site’s default English language interface strings. * * Remove the leading hash signs to enable. */# $conf['locale_custom_strings_en'] = array(# ‘forum’ => ‘Discussion board’,# ‘@count min’ => ‘@count minutes’,# );
yulys@yulys-laptop:~$ mysql -u root -p ## en password en este caso sería julita Enter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.Your MySQL connection id is 104Server version: 5.1.41-3ubuntu12.6 (Ubuntu)
Type ‘help;’ or ‘\h’ for help. Type ‘\c’ to clear the current input statement.
mysql> show databases; ## en este caso deseo ver si está d6 en mi base de datos

+——————–+

| Database |

+——————–+

| information_schema |

| d6 |

| mysql |

+——————–+

3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> drop database d6; ## elimino mi base de datos d6 para volver a configurarQuery OK, 61 rows affected (0.15 sec)

mysql> show databases;

+——————–+

|Database |

+——————–+

| information_schema |

| mysql |

+——————–+

2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> create database d6; ## creo nuevamente mi d6 para empezar en drupal webQuery OK, 1 row affected (0.05 sec)
mysql> exit ## en caso no salga con exit; se puede abortar con Ctrl-C –
yulys@yulys-laptop:~$ cd /var/www/d6/sites/default/ yulys@yulys-laptop:/var/www/d6/sites/default$ lsdefault.settings.php files settings.phpyulys@yulys-laptop:/var/www/d6/sites/default$ cp default.settings.php settings.php yulys@yulys-laptop:/var/www/d6/sites/default$ chmod 777 settings.php ##para poder modificar yulys@yulys-laptop:/var/www/d6/sites/default$

Luego ingreso en el URL http://localhost/d6/install.php?profile=default para comenzar configuración:

Simplemente hacer Next y luego colocar su user y pass

El mensaje que me salía refería al archivo settings.php, por lo que debo hacer lo siguiente:

yulys@yulys-laptop:/var/www/d6/sites/default$ lsdefault.settings.php files settings.phpyulys@yulys-laptop:/var/www/d6/sites/default$ chmod o-rw settings.php yulys@yulys-laptop:/var/www/d6/sites/default$ chmod a-rw settings.php

Además de:

yulys@yulys-laptop:/var/www/d6/sites/default$ cat /etc/sh

shadow shadow- shells

yulys@yulys-laptop:/var/www/d6/sites/default$ cat /etc/shadow

cat: /etc/shadow: Permiso denegadoyulys@yulys-laptop:/var/www/d6/sites/default$ sudo cat /etc/shadow

[sudo] password for yulys: root:!:14652:0:99999:7:::daemon:*:14545:0:99999:7:::bin:*:14545:0:99999:7:::sys:*:14545:0:99999:7:::sync:*:14545:0:99999:7:::games:*:14545:0:99999:7:::man:*:14545:0:99999:7:::lp:*:14545:0:99999:7:::mail:*:14545:0:99999:7:::news:*:14545:0:99999:7:::uucp:*:14545:0:99999:7:::proxy:*:14545:0:99999:7:::www-data:*:14545:0:99999:7:::backup:*:14545:0:99999:7:::list:*:14545:0:99999:7:::irc:*:14545:0:99999:7:::gnats:*:14545:0:99999:7:::nobody:*:14545:0:99999:7:::libuuid:!:14545:0:99999:7:::syslog:*:14545:0:99999:7:::messagebus:*:14545:0:99999:7:::hplip:*:14545:0:99999:7:::avahi-autoipd:*:14545:0:99999:7:::avahi:*:14545:0:99999:7:::couchdb:*:14545:0:99999:7:::haldaemon:*:14545:0:99999:7:::speech-dispatcher:!:14545:0:99999:7:::kernoops:*:14545:0:99999:7:::saned:*:14545:0:99999:7:::pulse:*:14545:0:99999:7:::gdm:*:14545:0:99999:7:::yulys:$6$pgPYgDWR$fPg.CVxRXfjBL.HrrOM8/FW10lKSmpIugP.nBqnDkvLDQfbobs34invERb175mtdomXp7Z2SAbAelWFlqc/DN/:14652:0:99999:7:::mysql:!:14751:0:99999:7:::jetty:*:14792:0:99999:7:::postgres:*:14843:0:99999:7:::usbmux:*:14853:0:99999:7:::rtkit:*:14853:0:99999:7:::

yulys@yulys-laptop:/var/www/d6/sites$ chmod a-w default/

yulys@yulys-laptop:/var/www/d6/sites$ chmod a+r default/

Me indicaba descargar los archivos de la versión 6.20 porque yo estaba en la versión 6.16, entonces los descargue y luego se deben copiar en /var/www/d6 menos el settings.php

Ahora quiero empezar la configuración de mi sitio, en este caso haré una web parachocolates y comenzaré con el cambio de la plantilla y me voy a la página http://drupal.org y veo los proyectos de plantillas… http://drupal.org/project/themes
cuando encuentre la que más se adecua a mis necesidades, entonces descargo el paquete y finalmente guardo los archivos en /var/www/d6/sites/all/themes

Luego se debe configurar en administracion/site building/themes, en este caso elegí el theme Danblog; debo activarlo y elegirlo en:

Home » Administer » Site building

Para cambiar el nombre de la página, em fui a Home » Administer » Site configuration